INDIMA YE-CPE EZINKUMBINI ZAMA-PVC EZINKUTHINI-ZEPLASTIKI
Ukusebenzisa i-CPE ne-PVC ehlanganiswe iminyango namafasitela epulasitiki, ukunwebeka, ukuqina nokusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kuthuthukiswa kakhulu, futhi ukumelana nesimo sezulu, ukumelana nokushisa nokuzinza kwamakhemikhali kuhle.
Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-PVC zesihlahla-sepulasitiki zakhiwa ikakhulukazi i-PVC resin kanye nezigcwalisi. Ngokuhlanganisa imicu yezitshalo, ukulungiswa kobuchwepheshe befomula, kanye nokuguqulwa kokuxubana komzimba ne-modifier CPE (i-polyethylene ene-chlorinated) (enomphumela okhulayo kanye nomphumela wokuguqulwa), okungathuthukisa ubulukhuni, ukuqina, amandla, ukumelana nokushisa kanye nokubambezeleka komlilo komkhiqizo ( ngaphakathi kwebanga elivumelekile lezidingo zempahla ebonakalayo, ukuphakama kwe-chlorine ye-CPE, kuthuthukisa umphumela wokulibaziseka komlilo), kukhuphule amandla aqinile, kuthuthukise I-brittleness kanye nokumelana nokukhasa kwe-PVC.
Indlela yokubumba ye-extrusion yezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-PVC yesihlahla-yepulasitiki ihluke kakhulu kuleyo yezinto ezijwayelekile zepulasitiki. Njengoba ingxenye eyinhloko ye-fiber yezitshalo i-cellulose, i-cellulose iqukethe inani elikhulu lamaqembu e-hydroxyl, futhi la maqembu e-hydroxyl akha ama-intermolecular hydrogen bond, okwenza imicu yezitshalo ibe ne-polarity enamandla kanye nokumuncwa kwamanzi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinto eziningi ze-thermoplastic azizona i-polar kanye ne-hydrophobic, ngakho-ke ukuhambisana phakathi kwalokhu kokubili kubi kakhulu, amandla okubopha esixhumi esibonakalayo mancane, futhi inani lokugcwalisa lemicu yezitshalo likhulu, ngakho-ke ukuguquguquka nokucutshungulwa impahla iba mpofu, ukuxova nokubunjwa kwe-extrusion kuba nzima. Ngakho-ke, ukwenza ngcono ukwakheka kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe zezinkuni-plastic kube nendima enhle ekuthuthukiseni ukucubungula ukubunjwa nokusebenza komkhiqizo.
I-CPE yasungulwa ngokushesha njengesilungisi se-PVC, futhi i-PVC eguquliwe isengenye yezinkambu ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-CPE. I-CPE inezinto ezinhle kakhulu zokugcwalisa, futhi inani elikhulu lama-fillers ahlukahlukene lingangezwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zayo eziqinile, ukucindezelwa kanye nokuguqulwa okuhlala njalo, nokunciphisa izindleko. Inani lokusetshenziswa le-PVC eguquliwe nalo liyathuthukiswa.
Kusofthiwe eguquliwe ye-CPE kanye nemikhiqizo eqinile ye-PVC, uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-polymers njenge-PE ne-PP, umphumela wokubuyisela ilangabi ubaluleke kakhulu. Imikhiqizo eminingi ye-PVC eqinile ilungiswa ngesilungisi se-CPE esinokuqukethwe kwe-chlorine okungama-36%, futhi amandla ayo omthelela aphezulu avame ukutholwa yi-CPE ngama-athomu e-chlorine asatshalaliswa ngokungahleliwe ochungechungeni oluyinhloko lwe-polyethylene. Ngakho-ke, lesi silungisi singathuthukiswa kakhulu mayelana nokucutshungulwa, ukuhlakazeka, namandla okuthinta.
UKUSETSHENZISWA KWE-CPE OWENI LOKHUSELELWA NGENXA YOKUFAKA, ITHAYI, IBHANDE
Njengoba i-molecule ye-CPE ingenawo amaketanga aphindwe kabili, inokumelana nesimo sezulu esihle, ukumelana nelangabi, ukuzinza okushisayo okungcono kune-PVC, izindleko eziphansi nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu. Incibilika kuma-hydrocarbon anephunga elimnandi nama-halogenated hydrocarbons, angancibiliki kuma-aliphatic hydrocarbons, abola ngaphezu kuka-170 ° C, futhi ikhiphe igesi ye-hydrogen chloride. Inesakhiwo samakhemikhali esizinzile, ukumelana nokuguga okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana nelangabi, ukumelana namakhaza, ukumelana nesimo sezulu, umbala wamahhala, ukumelana namakhemikhali, ukumelana ne-ozone kanye nokufakwa kukagesi, ukuhambisana okuhle nokucutshungulwa, kungahlanganiswa ne-PVC, i-PE, i-PS kanye nerabha ukuze ngcono izakhiwo zayo ezingokomzimba.
I-CPE iwuhlobo olusha lwezinto zokwenziwa ezinochungechunge lwezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu. Iyisilungisi sethonya esihle kakhulu samapulasitiki e-PVC kanye nerabha yokwenziwa enezici ezinhle eziphelele. Inohlelo olubanzi kakhulu lwezinhlelo zokusebenza futhi isetshenziswe kakhulu kumakhebuli, izintambo, amapayipi, amateyipu, irabha nemikhiqizo yepulasitiki, izinto zokuvala, namabhande okuthutha anganqamuki ilangabi. , Ulwelwesi olungangeni manzi, ifilimu kanye nezinto ezihlukahlukene ezinephrofayili neminye imikhiqizo. I-CPE ingabuye ihlanganiswe ne-polypropylene, i-polyethylene ephezulu nephansi yokucindezela, i-ABS, njll. I-CPE ingathathwa njenge-copolymer engahleliwe ye-ethylene, i-polyethylene ne-1.2-dichlorethylene. Iketango layo lamangqamuzana ligcwele futhi ama-athomu e-chlorine e-polar asatshalaliswa ngokungahleliwe. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zomzimba namakhemikhali, isetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini nakugesi. , amakhemikhali, izinto zokwakha kanye nezimboni zezimayini. Ukumelana nokushisa kwe-CPE, ukumelana ne-ozone kanye nokumelana nesimo sezulu, ukumelana nokuguga kungcono kunerabha eminingi, ukumelana nowoyela kungcono kunerabha ye-nitrile (ABR), i-neoprene (CR), ukumelana nokuguga kungcono kune-chlorosulfonated vinyl chloride (CSM); ukumelana ne-asidi, i-alkali, usawoti kanye nezinye izakhiwo ezigqwalayo, ezingenabuthi, i-flame retardant, ayikho ingozi yokuqhuma.
UKUSEBENZA KWE-CPE KU-INK
I-Chlorinated polyethylene ingacutshungulwa ngokubunjwa komjovo nokubunjwa kwe-extrusion. Kodwa-ke, njengoba i-CPE iqukethe inani elikhulu lama-athomu e-chlorine, ingxenye ethile yezinzisi zokushisa, ama-antioxidants kanye neziqinisi zokukhanya kufanele kwengezwe ku-CPE ngaphambi kokubunjwa ukuze kuvikelwe ukuzinza kokubunjwa nokusebenza kwayo. Ama-CPE ane-chlorine ephansi ayatholakala futhi ekubumbeni okujikelezayo kanye nokubunjwa kokushaywa.
Njengamanje, i-polyethylene ene-chlorine isetshenziswa kakhulu njengesilungisi se-PVC, i-HDPE ne-MBS embonini yomkhiqizo wepulasitiki. Ngemva kokuxuba ingxenye ethile ye-CPE ku-polyvinyl chloride resin, ingadluliselwa emikhiqizweni efana namapayipi, amapuleti, izintambo zokufakelwa kwezintambo, amaphrofayili, amafilimu, amafilimu anciphayo, njll ngemishini evamile yokucubungula i-PVC; ingabuye isetshenziselwe ukugqoka, ukubunjwa kokucindezela, njll. Ipulasitiki, i-lamination, i-bonding, njll.; esetshenziswa njengesilungisi se-PVC ne-PE, engathuthukisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo, ithuthukise ukunwebeka, ukuqina nokusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi le-PVC, futhi yehlise izinga lokushisa lokuhlobisa libe -40°C; ukumelana nesimo sezulu, ukumelana nokushisa kanye nokuzinza kwamakhemikhali nakho kuphakeme kunezinye izilungisi; njengesilungisi se-PE, singathuthukisa ukuphrinta, ukuncipha komlilo kanye nokuguquguquka kwemikhiqizo yayo, futhi kwandise ukuminyana kwegwebu le-PE.
I-Chlorinated polyethylene resin iwuhlobo olusha lwezinto zokwenziwa ezinochungechunge lwezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu. Iyisilungisi sethonya esihle kakhulu samapulasitiki e-PVC kanye nerabha yokwenziwa enezici ezinhle eziphelele. Inohlelo olubanzi kakhulu lwezinhlelo zokusebenza futhi isetshenziswe kakhulu kumakhebuli, izintambo, amapayipi, amateyipu, irabha nemikhiqizo yepulasitiki, izinto zokuvala, namabhande okuthutha anganqamuki ilangabi. , Ulwelwesi olungangeni manzi, ifilimu kanye nezinto ezihlukahlukene ezinephrofayili neminye imikhiqizo. I-CPE ingabuye ihlanganiswe ne-polypropylene, i-polyethylene ephezulu nephansi yokucindezela, i-ABS, njll. I-CPE ingathathwa njenge-copolymer engahleliwe ye-ethylene, i-polyethylene ne-1.2-dichlorethylene. Iketango layo lamangqamuzana ligcwele futhi ama-athomu e-chlorine e-polar asatshalaliswa ngokungahleliwe. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zomzimba namakhemikhali, isetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini nakugesi.
amakhemikhali, izinto zokwakha kanye nezimboni zezimayini. Ukumelana nokushisa kwe-CPE, ukumelana ne-ozone kanye nokumelana nesimo sezulu, ukumelana nokuguga kungcono kunerabha eminingi, ukumelana nowoyela kungcono kunerabha ye-nitrile (ABR), i-neoprene (CR), ukumelana nokuguga kungcono kune-chlorosulfonated vinyl chloride (CSM); ukumelana ne-asidi, i-alkali, usawoti kanye nezinye izakhiwo ezigqwalayo, ezingenabuthi, i-flame retardant, ayikho ingozi yokuqhuma.
Isetshenziswa kakhulu: izintambo nekhebula (izintambo zemayini yamalahle, izintambo ezicaciswe kumazinga e-UL kanye ne-VDE), amapayipi amanzi, amapayipi ezimoto, amateyipu, amashidi enjoloba, ukuguqulwa kwepayipi lephrofayela ye-PVC, izinto kazibuthe, ukuguqulwa kwe-ABS, njll.
UKUSETSHENZISWA KWE-CPE EFILIM
1. Amapulasitiki kanye nama-antioxidant asetshenziswa kurabha namapulasitiki asebenza kangcono ku-PVC eqinile futhi ethambile, ikakhulukazi ekubumbeni umjovo kanye nemikhiqizo yesibili ecutshunguliwe. Sebenzisa i-CPE njenge-PVC plasticizer, akukho ukubuna, akukho ukufuduka, akukho ukukhishwa, futhi inokumelana ne-ozonation nokumelana nokugqwala, ukuhambisana okuhle. Uma wenza amafilimu, isikhumba sokwenziwa, izicathulo zezicathulo, ama-hoses, njll., kungandisa ukuthamba, umbala nokwandisa impilo yesevisi yemikhiqizo. Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amapayipi avimbela ukugqwala, izintambo, amapuleti, nezingxenye ezicindezelwe zezizinda zikawoyela, futhi intengo yawo iphansi ngo-30% kuya ku-40% kunezinye i-PVC eguquliwe. Igwebu elivimbela ilangabi nelimelana nokubanda lingenziwa ngokuhlanganisa i-CPE ne-PE ne-PP, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kungcono kunokwe-polyurethane ne-polystyrene foam. Ukusebenzisa i-CPE njenge-plasticizer ehlala njalo ye-ABS, AS, PS, njll. ukuze kwenziwe amagobolondo ezinto zikagesi zasendlini, amalayini, izingxenye zezimoto, izesekeli zikagesi nezikagesi, namateyipu avimbela ilangabi kunganciphisa izindleko.
2. Isetshenziswa ezintweni ezihlanganisiwe zenjoloba i-CPE iyirabha yokwenziwa ekhethekile esebenza kahle kakhulu, ifaneleka ngokukhethekile izintambo nezintambo ezinezidingo eziphakeme ekuphikiseni ukushisa, ukuncipha komlilo kanye nezakhiwo zikagesi, kanye namabhande aphezulu okuthutha anganqamuki amalangabi. Ingase futhi isetshenziselwe amapayipi kawoyela, ukwakha ulwelwesi olungangeni manzi kanye ne-lining yemishini yamakhemikhali, njll. Irabha evundile eyenziwe nge-CPE elastic base material iphakeme kune-neoprene mayelana nokumelana nokugqoka, izakhiwo ze-dielectric, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokuguga, ukumelana nowoyela, njll. Ngokufanayo nerabha, izindleko zayo ziphansi kune-neoprene ne-nitrile rubber, futhi ingasetshenziswa embonini yocingo nekhebula, izingxenye zezimoto, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye namapayipi amelana nowoyela, amapayipi, njll. Ukumelana negesi kwe-CPE okufana nenjoloba ekloriniwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-CPE isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhiqizweni ehlukahlukene yenjoloba.
3. Inhlanganisela ye-CPE ye-CPE/styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer inokumelana nomthelela omkhulu, ukuncipha komlilo, ukumelana nesimo sezulu kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphansi, futhi inkambu yayo yesicelo ingaqhudelana ne-ABS. I-CPE/styrene/methacrylic acid copolymer inamandla omthelela aphezulu, obala kanye nokuzinza kwesimo sezulu. Ukuhlanganisa i-CPE ne-NBR kungathuthukisa izici ezihlukahlukene eziphelele ze-NBR futhi kungasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza ipayipi lerabha elingamelana nowoyela. I-CPE ingasetshenziswa kanye ne-SBR ukukhiqiza amapayipi enjoloba kanye nolwelwesi olungangeni manzi; esetshenziswa kanye nenjoloba yenhloso evamile, ingasetshenziswa njengemikhiqizo yenjoloba njengezindwangu zemvula, amathayi ebhayisikili anombala, imigudu yomoya ekwazi ukunqanda amalangabi, nezintambo. E-Japan, ikakhulukazi i-CPE ihlanganiswe nezinto zenjoloba nepulasitiki ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kokucubungula, ukubukeka komkhiqizo kanye nekhwalithi yangaphakathi. Ngokukhuphuka kokuphuma kwe-CPE kanye nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula, izingxube ze-CPE/EVA nazo zingakhiqizwa, ezinokuzinza okuhle kwe-dimensional futhi zisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amapuleti agcinwe emazingeni okushisa aphansi. I-CPE/i-chlorinated styrene isetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwama-insulators kagesi, amagwebu abushelelezi amalangabi, okokugqoka, njll.
4. I-CPE yokugqoka okukhethekile kanye ne-membrane engenawo amanzi ingenziwa ibe yizingubo ezikhethekile, njengezingubo zokulwa nokugqwala, izigqoko eziphikisayo, izigqoko ezingenamanzi, njll, ukuze zithathele ezinye izigqoko. I-CPE/PVC ihlanganiswe ukwenza ulwelwesi olungangeni manzi, okuyingxenye yebanga eliphakathi nebanga elingangeni manzi. Ukumelana nesimo sezulu, ukumelana ne-ozone, nokuncipha komlilo kufana nalezo zolwelwesi lwenjoloba ye-ethylene-propylene yezinga eliphezulu, futhi inezindleko eziphansi nokusebenza okuhle kokwakhiwa. Ukuncibilikisa i-CPE kuzincibilikisi ezivamile kungenza ama-anti-corrosion coatings. Ngemva kokuhlanganisa i-CPE ne-asphalt, njll., kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza uphahla olungenamanzi olusebenza kangcono.
5. I-polyethylene ene-chlorine ephezulu I-polyethylene ene-chlorine ephezulu ine-chlorine okuqukethwe kuka-61% kuya ku-75%. Kuyinto eqinile, ukumelana nokushisa, okufana nengilazi okunamandla aphezulu, kanye nezinto zokwakha ifilimu ezinezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu. Ingahlanganiswa nopende we-alkyd, i-epoxy resin, i-phenolic, i-polyester engasetshenzisiwe, i-polyacrylate, njll. Ukubambezeleka kwamalangabi, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nesimo sezulu, kanye nokunwebeka konke kungcono kunerabha ene-chlorinated. Enye irabha ekloriniwe. I-polyethylene ene-chlorine ephezulu inezinto ezinhle zokunamathela ensimbi nakukhonkolo, ngakho-ke inomphumela ophumelelayo wokuvikela kulezi zinto. I-polyethylene ene-chlorine ephezulu inokuxubeka okuhle nezimibalabala ze-inorganic kanye ne-organic, futhi ingasetshenziswa ukwenza izimbotshana ezinganqamuki ilangabi.
6. Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza Ukwengeza i-CPE kuwoyela kawoyela kungehlisa izinga lawo lokubanda, futhi izithasiselo zikawoyela wegiya zingathuthukisa ukumelana kwamafutha nokucindezela. Ukwengeza i-CPE kuwoyela wokusika nowoyela wokumba kungathuthukisa impilo yesevisi yamathuluzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-CPE iphinde isetshenziswe ezithambile zesikhumba kanye nama-thickeners woyinki wokuphrinta, njll., futhi ububanzi bokusebenza bayo bukhula njalo.
IYINI INDIMA YOKUNENGEZA I-CPE EMKHIQIZO WE-PLASTIC?
I-Chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) iyi-polymer egcwele izinto ezibonakalayo, ukubukeka kuyimpushana emhlophe, ayinabo ubuthi futhi ayinambitheki, inokumelana nesimo sezulu esihle kakhulu, ukumelana ne-ozone, ukumelana namakhemikhali kanye nokuguga, futhi inokumelana kahle nowoyela, ukubambezeleka komlilo nokusebenza kombala. Ukuqina okuhle (kusaguquguquka ku--30 ° C), ukuhambisana kahle nezinye izinto ze-polymer, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokubola, ukubola ukukhiqiza i-HCl, i-HCL ingabangela ukusabela kwe-dechlorination ye-CPE. I-Chlorinated polyethylene i-polymer material eyenziwe nge-high-density polyethylene (HDPE) ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kokushintshwa kwe-chlorination. Ngokwezakhiwo ezihlukene kanye nokusetshenziswa, i-polyethylene e-chlorinated ingahlukaniswa nge-resin yohlobo lwe-polyethylene e-chlorinated (CPE) kanye nohlobo lwe-elastomer oluyi-chlorine polyethylene (CM). Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa yedwa, ama-thermoplastic resins angabuye ahlanganiswe ne-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), i-polyethylene (PE), i-polypropylene (PP), i-polystyrene (PS), i-ABS kanye ne-polyurethane (PU). Embonini yenjoloba, i-CPE ingasetshenziswa njengenjoloba ekhethekile esezingeni eliphezulu, esezingeni eliphakeme, futhi ingasetshenziswa nerabha ye-ethylene-propylene (EPR), irabha ye-butyl (IIR), irabha ye-nitrile (NBR), i-chlorosulfonated polyethylene ( CSM), njll. Okunye ukuxutshwa kwenjoloba kuyasetshenziswa.
