INDIMA YE-CPE KUMA-COMPOSITE E-PVC WOkhuni NE-PLASTIC
Ukusebenzisa iminyango namafasitela epulasitiki ahlanganisiwe e-CPE kanye ne-PVC, ukuqina, ukuqina kanye nokusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kuyathuthukiswa kakhulu, kanti ukumelana nesimo sezulu, ukumelana nokushisa kanye nokuqina kwamakhemikhali kuhle.
Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-PVC tree-plastic zakhiwe kakhulu nge-resin ye-PVC kanye nama-filler. Ngokuhlanganisa imicu yezitshalo, ukulungiswa kobuchwepheshe befomula, kanye nokuguqulwa kokuxuba ngokomzimba nge-modifier CPE (i-polyethylene e-chlorine) (enomphumela okhuphukayo kanye nomphumela wokuguqulwa), okungathuthukisa ubulukhuni, ukuqina, amandla, ukumelana nokushisa kanye nokuncipha komlilo komkhiqizo (ngaphakathi kwezidingo zempahla ebonakalayo, lapho okuqukethwe kwe-chlorine ye-CPE kuphakeme, umphumela wokuncipha komlilo uba ngcono), kwandise amandla okudonsa, kuthuthukise ukuqina nokumelana nokuqhekeka kwe-PVC.
Indlela yokubumba i-extrusion yezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-PVC tree-plastic ihluke kakhulu kweyezinto ezivamile zepulasitiki. Njengoba ingxenye eyinhloko ye-fibre yezitshalo kuyi-cellulose, i-cellulose iqukethe inani elikhulu lamaqembu e-hydroxyl, futhi la maqembu e-hydroxyl akha izibopho ze-hydrogen eziphakathi kwamamolekyuli, ezenza imicu yezitshalo ibe ne-polarity eqinile kanye nokumuncwa kwamanzi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinto eziningi ze-thermoplastic azina-polar futhi azina-hydrophobic, ngakho-ke ukuhambisana phakathi kwalezi zinto ezimbili kubi kakhulu, amandla okubopha esibonakalayo mancane, kanti inani lokugcwalisa imicu yezitshalo likhulu, ngakho-ke ukugeleza kanye nokucutshungulwa kwezinto kuba kubi, ukuxova kanye nokubumba i-extrusion kuba nzima. Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwezinto ezihlanganisiwe zezinkuni-plastic kudlale indima enhle ekuthuthukiseni ukucutshungulwa kokubumba kanye nokusebenza komkhiqizo.
I-CPE yasungulwa ngokushesha njengomshini wokuguqula i-PVC, futhi i-PVC eguquliwe iseseyinye yezinkambu zokusetshenziswa ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-CPE. I-CPE inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokugcwalisa, futhi inani elikhulu lama-filler ahlukahlukene lingangezwa ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zayo zokudonsa, ukucindezela kanye nokuguquguquka okuhlala njalo, kanye nokunciphisa izindleko. Inani lokusetshenziswa kwe-PVC eguquliwe nalo liyathuthukiswa.
Ku-software eguquliwe ye-CPE kanye nemikhiqizo ye-PVC eqinile, uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-polymer afana ne-PE ne-PP, umphumela wokuvimbela ilangabi ubaluleke kakhulu. Imikhiqizo eminingi ye-PVC eqinile iguquliwe nge-CPE modifier enokuqukethwe kwe-chlorine okungu-36%, futhi amandla ayo aphezulu omthelela avame ukutholakala yi-CPE ngama-athomu e-chlorine asatshalaliswa ngokungahleliwe ku-polyethylene main chain. Ngakho-ke, le modifier ingathuthukiswa kakhulu ngokuya ngokucutshungulwa, ukuhlakazeka, kanye namandla omthelela.
UKUSETSHENZISWA KWE-CPE NGESINYATHELO SOKUVULA NGOCINGO, ITAYELA, IBHENDI
Njengoba i-molecule ye-CPE ingenazo izintambo ezimbili, inokumelana okuhle nesimo sezulu, ukumelana nomlilo, ukuzinza kokushisa okungcono kune-PVC, izindleko eziphansi kanye nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu. Incibilika kuma-hydrocarbon aromatic kanye nama-hydrocarbon ane-halogenated, ayincibiliki kuma-hydrocarbon aliphatic, ibola ngaphezu kuka-170 ° C, futhi ikhipha igesi ye-hydrogen chloride. Inesakhiwo samakhemikhali esizinzile, ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokuguga, ukumelana nomlilo, ukumelana nokubanda, ukumelana nesimo sezulu, umbala okhululekile, ukumelana Ukumelana namakhemikhali, ukumelana ne-ozone kanye nokufakwa kukagesi, ukuhambisana okuhle kanye nokucutshungulwa, ingaxutshwa ne-PVC, PE, PS kanye nerabha ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zayo zomzimba.
I-CPE uhlobo olusha lwezinto zokwenziwa ezinochungechunge lwezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu. Iwumuguquli omuhle kakhulu wethonya lamapulasitiki e-PVC kanye nerabha yokwenziwa enezakhiwo ezinhle eziphelele. Inezinhlobo eziningi zezicelo futhi isetshenziswe kabanzi ezintanjeni, izintambo, amapayipi, amateyipu, imikhiqizo yerabha kanye nepulasitiki, izinto zokuvala, kanye namabhande okuhambisa avimbela ilangabi. , Ulwelwesi olungangeni manzi, ifilimu kanye nezinto ezahlukahlukene ezifakwe iphrofayili kanye neminye imikhiqizo. I-CPE ingaxutshwa ne-polypropylene, i-polyethylene ephezulu nephansi, i-ABS, njll. ukuthuthukisa ukuvimbela ilangabi, ukumelana nokuguga kanye nokusebenza kokuphrinta kwala mapulasitiki. I-CPE ingabhekwa njenge-copolymer engahleliwe ye-ethylene, i-polyethylene kanye ne-1.2-dichloroethylene. Uchungechunge lwayo lwama-molecule lugcwele futhi ama-athomu e-polar chlorine asatshalaliswa ngokungahleliwe. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zomzimba nezamakhemikhali, isetshenziswa kabanzi emishinini nasegesi. , amakhemikhali, izinto zokwakha kanye nezimboni zezimayini. Ukumelana nokushisa kwe-CPE, ukumelana ne-ozone kanye nokumelana nesimo sezulu, ukumelana nokuguga kungcono kunerabha eningi, ukumelana nowoyela kungcono kunerabha ye-nitrile (ABR), i-neoprene (CR), ukumelana nokuguga kungcono kune-chlorosulfonated vinyl chloride (CSM); ukumelana ne-asidi, i-Alkali, usawoti kanye nezinye izakhiwo ezibolayo, akunabo ubuthi, kuyawuvimbela umlilo, akunangozi yokuqhuma.
UKUSETSHENZISWA KWE-CPE NGOYINKI
I-polyethylene ene-chlorine ingacutshungulwa ngokufaka i-injection molding kanye ne-extrusion molding. Kodwa-ke, njengoba i-CPE iqukethe inani elikhulu lama-athomu e-chlorine, ingxenye ethile yeziqinisi zokushisa, ama-antioxidants kanye neziqinisi zokukhanya kufanele ifakwe ku-CPE ngaphambi kokubumba ukuze kuvikelwe ukuzinza kokwakheka kwayo kanye nokusebenza kwayo. Ama-CPE ane-chlorine ephansi nawo ayatholakala ekubumbeni okujikelezayo kanye nasekubumbeni okushaywayo.
Njengamanje, i-polyethylene ene-chlorine isetshenziswa kakhulu njengesiguquli se-PVC, i-HDPE kanye ne-MBS embonini yemikhiqizo yepulasitiki. Ngemva kokuxuba ingxenye ethile ye-CPE ku-polyvinyl chloride resin, ingakhishwa iye emikhiqizweni efana namapayipi, amapuleti, izembozo zokuvala ucingo, amaphrofayili, amafilimu, amafilimu okunciphisa, njll. ngemishini yokucubungula i-PVC ejwayelekile; ingasetshenziswa futhi ekumbozeni, ekubumbeni kokucindezela, njll. Ipulasitiki, i-lamination, i-bonding, njll.; isetshenziswa njengesiguquli se-PVC kanye ne-PE, okungathuthukisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo, kuthuthukise ukuqina, ukuqina kanye nokusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi le-PVC, futhi kunciphise izinga lokushisa elibi lifinyelele ku--40°C; ukumelana nesimo sezulu, ukumelana nokushisa kanye nokuzinza kwamakhemikhali nakho kuphakeme kunezinye iziguquli; njengesiguquli se-PE, singathuthukisa ukuphrinta, ukubambezeleka komlilo kanye nokuguquguquka kwemikhiqizo yaso, futhi sandise ubuningi be-PE foam.
I-resin ye-polyethylene ene-chlorine uhlobo olusha lwezinto zokwenziwa ezinochungechunge lwezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu. Ingumshini omuhle kakhulu wokushintsha umthelela wepulasitiki ye-PVC kanye nerabha yokwenziwa enezakhiwo ezinhle eziphelele. Inezinhlobo eziningi zezicelo futhi isetshenziswe kabanzi ezintanjeni, izintambo, amapayipi, amateyipu, imikhiqizo yerabha neyepulasitiki, izinto zokuvala, kanye namabhande okuhambisa avimbela ilangabi. , Ulwelwesi olungangeni manzi, ifilimu nezinto ezahlukahlukene ezifakwe iphrofayili kanye neminye imikhiqizo. I-CPE ingaxutshwa ne-polypropylene, i-polyethylene enengcindezi ephezulu nephansi, i-ABS, njll. ukuthuthukisa ukuvimbela ilangabi, ukumelana nokuguga kanye nokusebenza kokuphrinta kwala mapulasitiki. I-CPE ingabhekwa njenge-copolymer engahleliwe ye-ethylene, i-polyethylene kanye ne-1.2-dichloroethylene. Uchungechunge lwayo lwama-molecule lugcwele futhi ama-athomu e-chlorine e-polar asakazwa ngokungahleliwe. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle kakhulu zomzimba nezamakhemikhali, isetshenziswa kabanzi emishinini nakugesi.
amakhemikhali, izinto zokwakha kanye nezimboni zezimayini. Ukumelana nokushisa kwe-CPE, ukumelana ne-ozone kanye nokumelana nesimo sezulu, ukumelana nokuguga kungcono kunerabha eningi, ukumelana nowoyela kungcono kunerabha ye-nitrile (ABR), i-neoprene (CR), ukumelana nokuguga kungcono kune-chlorosulfonated vinyl chloride (CSM); ukumelana ne-asidi, i-Alkali, usawoti kanye nezinye izakhiwo ezibolayo, okungesiyo ubuthi, okuvimbela ilangabi, akukho ngozi yokuqhuma.
Isetshenziswa kakhulu ku: ucingo kanye nekhebula (izintambo zemayini yamalahle, izintambo ezichazwe ezindinganisweni ze-UL kanye ne-VDE), amapayipi e-hydraulic, amapayipi ezimoto, amatheyiphu, amashidi erabha, ukuguqulwa kwepayipi lephrofayili ye-PVC, izinto zikagesi, ukuguqulwa kwe-ABS, njll.
UKUSETSHENZISWA KWE-CPE KUFILIMU
1. Ama-plasticizer nama-antioxidants asetshenziswa enjolobeni nasepulasitikini asebenza kangcono kwi-PVC eqinile nethambile, ikakhulukazi ekubunjweni komjovo kanye nemikhiqizo ecutshungulwayo yesibili. Sebenzisa i-CPE njenge-plasticizer ye-PVC, ayifiphali, ayifuduki, ayikhiphi, futhi inokumelana ne-ozonation kanye nokumelana nokugqwala, ihambisana kahle. Lapho wenza amafilimu, isikhumba sokwenziwa, izithende zezicathulo, amapayipi, njll., ingandisa ukuthamba, ukuba nombala futhi yandise impilo yenkonzo yemikhiqizo. Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amapayipi okulwa nokugqwala, izintambo, amapuleti, nezingxenye ezicindezelwe zamasimu kawoyela, futhi intengo yayo iphansi ngo-30% kuya ku-40% kunezinye i-PVC eziguquliwe. I-foam evimbela ukugqwala futhi engabanda engamelani nokuthinteka ingenziwa ngokuxuba i-CPE ne-PE kanye ne-PP, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kungcono kunokwe-polyurethane kanye ne-polystyrene foam. Ukusebenzisa i-CPE njenge-plasticizer ehlala njalo ye-ABS, AS, PS, njll. ekukhiqizeni amagobolondo ezinto zasekhaya, ama-liners, izingxenye zezimoto, izesekeli ze-elekthronikhi nezikagesi, kanye namatheyiphu avimbela ukugqwala kunganciphisa izindleko.
2. Isetshenziswa ezintweni ezihlanganisiwe zerabha, i-CPE iyirabha ekhethekile yokwenziwa esebenza kahle kakhulu, efanelekile kakhulu ezintanjeni nasezintanjeni ezinezidingo eziphezulu zokumelana nokushisa, ukubambezeleka komlilo kanye nezakhiwo zikagesi, kanye namabhande okuhambisa avimbela umlilo kakhulu. Ingasetshenziswa futhi kumapayipi kawoyela, ukwakha ama-membrane angangeni manzi kanye nezinhlaka zemishini yamakhemikhali, njll. Irabha ehlanganisiwe eyenziwe ngezinto eziyisisekelo ze-CPE elastic ingcono kune-neoprene maqondana nokumelana nokuguguleka, izakhiwo ze-dielectric, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokuguga, ukumelana nowoyela, njll. Njengerabha, izindleko zayo ziphansi kunerabha ye-neoprene ne-nitrile, futhi ingasetshenziswa embonini yezintambo nezintambo, izingxenye zezimoto, amapayipi okushisa aphezulu kanye namelana nowoyela, amapayipi, njll. Ukumelana negesi kwe-CPE kufana nokwerabha ene-chlorine. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-CPE isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhiqizweni eyahlukahlukene yerabha.
3. I-CPE blend CPE/styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer inokumelana okuphezulu komthelela, ukubambezeleka komlilo, ukumelana nesimo sezulu kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphansi, futhi insimu yayo yokusebenza ingancintisana ne-ABS. I-CPE/styrene/methacrylic acid copolymer inamandla aphezulu omthelela, ukucaca kanye nokuqina kwesimo sezulu. Ukuhlanganisa i-CPE ne-NBR kungathuthukisa izakhiwo ezahlukahlukene eziphelele ze-NBR futhi kungasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza ipayipi lerabha elingangeni uwoyela. I-CPE ingasetshenziswa kanye ne-SBR ukukhiqiza amapayipi erabha kanye nama-membrane angangeni manzi; isetshenziswa kanye nerabha yenhloso ejwayelekile, ingasetshenziswa njengemikhiqizo yerabha njengezindwangu zemvula, amathayi ebhayisikili anombala, amapayipi omoya avimbela umlilo, kanye nezintambo. EJapane, ikakhulukazi i-CPE ixutshwa nezinto zerabha kanye nepulasitiki ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokucubungula, ukubukeka komkhiqizo kanye nekhwalithi yangaphakathi. Ngokwanda komkhiqizo we-CPE kanye nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula, i-CPE/EVA blends nayo ingakhiqizwa, enokuqina okuhle kobukhulu futhi isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amapuleti agcinwe emazingeni okushisa aphansi. I-CPE/i-styrene ene-chlorine isetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwezivikeli zikagesi, amagwebu avimbela ilangabi, izimbozo, njll.
4. I-CPE yezimbozo ezikhethekile kanye nezimbozo ezingangeni manzi zingenziwa zibe izimbozo ezikhethekile, njengezembozo ezilwa nokugqwala, izembozo ezilwa nokungcolisa, izembozo ezingangeni manzi, njll., ukuze kuthathelwe indawo ezinye izembozo. I-CPE/PVC ixutshwa ukuze kwenziwe ulwelwesi olungangeni manzi, oluyinto engangeni manzi yebanga eliphakathi. Ukumelana kwayo nesimo sezulu, ukumelana ne-ozone, kanye nokuvinjelwa komlilo kufana nolwelwesi lwerabha lwe-ethylene-propylene yebanga eliphezulu, futhi inezindleko eziphansi kanye nokusebenza okuhle kokwakha. Ukuncibilikisa i-CPE ezixazululweni ezivamile kungenza izembozo ezilwa nokugqwala. Ngemva kokuxuba i-CPE ne-asphalt, njll., ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izembozo ezingangeni manzi ophahleni ezisebenza kangcono.
5. I-polyethylene ene-chlorine ephezulu I-polyethylene ene-chlorine ephezulu inokuqukethwe kwe-chlorine okungu-61% kuya ku-75%. Ingumkhiqizo weglasi oqinile, omelana nokushisa, onamandla aphezulu, futhi iyinto eyakha ifilimu enezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu. Ingaxutshwa nopende we-alkyd, i-epoxy resin, i-phenolic, i-polyester engagcwalisiwe, i-polyacrylate, njll. ukwenza izembozo zokulwa nokugqwala ezinokuqina okuhle kwamakhemikhali. Ukuvinjelwa kwayo ngumlilo, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nesimo sezulu, kanye nokuqina konke kungcono kunenjoloba ene-chlorine. Enye indlela esikhundleni senjoloba ene-chlorine. I-polyethylene ene-chlorine ephezulu inezakhiwo ezinhle zokunamathela ensimbini nakukhonkrithi, ngakho-ke inomphumela osebenzayo wokuvikela kulezi zinto. I-polyethylene ene-chlorine ephezulu inokuxubana okuhle nama-pigment angaphili kanye nawangokwemvelo, futhi ingasetshenziswa ukwenza izembozo ezivimbela ilangabi.
6. Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza Ukwengeza i-CPE ku-oyela kaphethiloli kunganciphisa izinga layo lokubanda, kanti izithasiselo zamafutha egiya zingathuthukisa ukumelana kwamafutha nengcindezi. Ukwengeza i-CPE ku-oyela wokusika kanye namafutha okubhoboza kungathuthukisa impilo yesevisi yamathuluzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-CPE isetshenziswa nasezithambisweni zesikhumba kanye neziqinisi zama-inki okuphrinta, njll., futhi ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwayo bukhula njalo.
Iyini indima yokwengeza i-CPE ekukhiqizweni kwepulasitiki?
I-polyethylene e-chlorine (CPE) iyinto ye-polymer egcwele, ukubukeka kwayo kuyimpuphu emhlophe, ayinabo ubuthi futhi ayinambitheki, inokumelana okuhle nesimo sezulu, ukumelana ne-ozone, ukumelana namakhemikhali nokuguga, futhi inokumelana okuhle namafutha, ukubambezeleka komlilo kanye nokusebenza kombala. Ukuqina okuhle (kusaguquguquka ku--30°C), ukuhambisana okuhle nezinye izinto ze-polymer, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokubola, ukubola ukukhiqiza i-HCl, i-HCL ingashukumisa ukusabela kwe-dechlorination kwe-CPE. I-polyethylene e-chlorine iyinto ye-polymer eyenziwe nge-polyethylene ephezulu (HDPE) ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kokufaka i-chlorination. Ngokwezakhiwo ezahlukene kanye nokusetshenziswa, i-polyethylene e-chlorine ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-resin type chlorined polyethylene (CPE) kanye ne-elastomer type chlorined polyethylene (CM). Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa yodwa, ama-resin e-thermoplastic angaxutshwa ne-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), i-polyethylene (PE), i-polypropylene (PP), i-polystyrene (PS), i-ABS ngisho ne-polyurethane (PU). Embonini yerabha, i-CPE ingasetshenziswa njengerabha ekhethekile esebenza kahle kakhulu, esezingeni eliphezulu, futhi ingasetshenziswa nerabha ye-ethylene-propylene (EPR), irabha ye-butyl (IIR), irabha ye-nitrile (NBR), i-polyethylene ye-chlorosulfonated (CSM), njll. Kusetshenziswa ezinye izingxube zerabha.
