Isimo sasekhaya kanye nomkhuba wentuthuko embonini ye-PVC yaseShayina

I-PVC ingenye yezinto ezinhlanu ze-resin ezisetshenziswa kabanzi, enezici ezinhle kakhulu njengokumelana ne-asidi ne-alkali, ukumelana nokuguguleka, ukuvimbela ilangabi, kanye nokuvikela ukushisa. Njengamanje, isibe umkhiqizo wesibili ngobukhulu wepulasitiki emhlabeni ngemuva kwe-polyethylene.
1. Umthamo wokukhiqiza wasekhaya kanye nomkhiqizo we-PVC
Inqubo yokukhiqiza i-PVC ihlanganisa kakhulu izindlela ezimbili: indlela ye-calcium carbide kanye nendlela ye-ethylene, kanti umehluko omkhulu uwukulungiselela i-vinyl chloride monomer.
Ngokombono wokukhiqiza eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukukhiqizwa kwe-PVC kubonise ukuthambekela okwandayo unyaka nonyaka, futhi amandla okukhiqiza emboni yonke angene esigabeni sokuthuthuka okunengqondo. Isidingo semakethe siye sabuya kancane kancane, futhi ukukhiqizwa kuye kwanda kancane kancane. Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-China Chloroalkali Network, izinga lokusebenza lilonke lemboni ye-PVC yaseShayina lihlale lingaphezu kuka-50% eminyakeni yamuva nje.
2. Umkhuba Wokuthuthukiswa Kwemboni Ye-PVC
(1) Ukuqinisa ukwakhiwa kwamadivayisi okuhlanganisa izimboni
Kusukela ngo-2007, izwe lisungule uchungechunge lwemithethonqubo enikeza imithethonqubo eningiliziwe yokuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-PVC. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, likhuthaza ukwakhiwa kwemishini yokusekela amabhizinisi okukhiqiza i-calcium carbide kanye ne-chlor alkali, futhi liqinisa ukwakhiwa kwamadivayisi okuhlanganisa izimboni. Ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sezinqubomgomo zamanje zikazwelonke, ukusungulwa kwamadivayisi okuhlanganisa izimboni sekuyinto engenakugwenywa ezindaweni eziphakathi nezisentshonalanga yeShayina, ezicebile ngamalahle, izimayini zikasawoti, kanye nemithombo ye-limestone. Ngaphansi kwendima yamadivayisi ahlanganisiwe, ngokuthembela ezinzuzweni ezicebile zemithombo kanye nezinzuzo ezifanayo, izindleko zokukhiqiza zingalawulwa ngempumelelo futhi imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene engaphansi kwayo ingaphinde isetshenziswe, Kuthuthukiswe ukuncintisana kwemakethe kanye nekhono lokusinda lebhizinisi.
(2) Izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezahlukahlukene
Ekuthuthukisweni kwamanje kwamabhizinisi asekhaya e-PVC, ukugcizelelwa kokwehlukahluka kwezinqubo zemishini yokukhiqiza kuyanda njalo, okwenza izidingo zabo zezinga lobuchwepheshe ziphakame kakhulu. Umkhuba wokwehlukahluka kwezinqubo awunakuvinjelwa. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezinqubo zokukhiqiza ze-PVC zasekhaya, amabhizinisi adinga ukusebenzisa kancane kancane ezinye izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezintsha ngenkathi egcina inqubo yokuqala ye-calcium carbide. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubuchwepheshe be-PVC polymerization buzothuthukiswa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi maqondana namandla okukhiqiza ama-reactor e-polymerization. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka futhi ukwethula ngenkuthalo ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza bangaphandle obuthuthukisiwe futhi bukhuthaze kancane kancane ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle komnotho kwemboni.